Les épisodes de pathologie respiratoires aiguës chez les caprins sont majoritairement d’origine bactérienne avec une intervention beaucoup plus fréquente des mycoplasmes que chez les bovins.

Le caractère souvent enzootique de ces affections avec des taux de morbidité et de mortalité parfois très élevés justifie de mettre en œuvre de mesures médicales de type métaphylactique à l’aide d’antibiotiques (tétracyclines, macrolides, florfénicol voire fluoroquinolones), et de procéder à un audit des conditions d’élevage.

Les possibilités vaccinales sont limitées à la prévention des pasteurelloses à l’aide de vaccin contenant obligatoirement le sérotype A2 de Mannheimia haemolytica.

Disciplines : Infectiologie, pneumologie, santé animale

Mots clés :

Respiratoire, diagnostic, traitement, prévention, mycoplasmose, pasteurellose, chèvre

Titre : Acute respiratory outbreaks in caprine herds : How to proceed ?

Summary :

Respiratory diseases in goats are responsible for significant economic losses due to high morbidity and mortality rates. The microbial agents responsible are mainly Mycoplasma sp. and Mannheimia haemolytica. Respiratory disorders occur most often following the introduction of new animals into the herd or after the integration of primiparous animals into the production herd. Respiratory disorders result in hyperthermia with decreased appetite and milk production, dyspnea and coughing. The observation of animals of different age classes is recommended and is easier after physical exercise. The necropsy examination reveals pneumonia lesions often located on the anterior lobes of the lung as well as frequently fibrinous pleuretic lesions. The use of the laboratory is necessary to identify the responsible germ. T

he treatment is based on the use of antibiotics (macrolides and phenicols or, in case of failure, fluoroquinolones and 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins). The results of the use of vaccines against Pasteurella or mycoplasma are generally disappointing. The control of environmental conditions in the livestock building is essential (ventilation, temperature, humidity). Four clinical cases illustrate the different situations typically observed in caprine herds.

Disciplines : Infectiology, animal health, respiratory disease

Key words: Goat, respiratory disease, diagnosis, necropsy, treatment, prophylaxis, pasteurellosis, mycoplasmosis,