Ultrasonography has become an accessible technique in an everyday practice. The aim of this paper is to describe the ultrasonographic exploration of the female internal genital organs as well as to show the most frequent indications and possible findings present in small animals.

A microconvex transducer, with a frequency ranging from 5 to 12.5 MHz, seems to be the most suitable for female genital ultrasonography, nonetheless a linear transducer can be appropriate as well. The examination can be performed on standing animals or animals in recumbency. Clipping the hair makes the passage of the ultrasounds easier, which ensures a better quality of the picture.

Ultrasonographic examination of female internal genital organs is useful to highlight physiologic modifications due to the oestral cycle, pregnancy; or pathological events. In intersex animals, ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the degree of the abnormality.

Ultrasonography is a non-invasive technique, informative and easy to perform in routine practice.